在日常工作中，會(huì)簡(jiǎn)單的使用一下mysql,故對(duì)常見(jiàn)命令操作總結(jié)一下，常用方式如下

mysqldump 命令的使用：

備份和導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

mysqldump -h database_ip -u Username -p --opt databasename > backup-file.sql

只導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表結(jié)構(gòu)

mysqldump -h database_ip -d -u Username -p databasename >database_structure.sql

只導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中的某個(gè)表

mysqldump --opt --add-drop-table -u Username -p databasename tablename > dump.sql

如果不想手工輸入密碼 請(qǐng)使用--password 參數(shù)

mysqldump -h database_ip -u Username --password=123456 --opt databasename > backup-file.sql

mysqldump -h database_ip -d -u Username --password=123456 databasename >database_structure.sql

mysql 命令使用：

將查詢結(jié)果保存到文件

select title from book into outfile '/tmp/outfile.txt';

查找表中多余的重復(fù)記錄，重復(fù)記錄是根據(jù)某個(gè)字段(peopleId)來(lái)判斷

select * from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by

peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1);

查詢表中不重復(fù)記錄(排除重復(fù)記錄)

select * from phome_ecms_wma where title in (select distinct title from phome_ecms_wma);

刪除表中重復(fù)記錄,重復(fù)記錄是根據(jù)某個(gè)字段(title)來(lái)判斷

select *,count(distinct title) INTO OUTFILE '/tmp/table.bak' from phome_ecms_wma group by title;

delete from phome_ecms_wma;

LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/table.bak' REPLACE INTO TABLE phome_ecms_wma character set utf8;

查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)當(dāng)前編碼

mysql> show variables like "character_set%";

修改表字段類型

mysql> alter table table_name change last_action last_action datetime NOT NULL default '0000-00-00 00:00:00';

給表添加一個(gè)新字段

mysql> ALTER TABLE host ADD ks_mac VARCHAR(100);

從表中刪除一個(gè)字段

mysql> ALTER TABLE table_name DROP field_name;

重命名表

mysql>alter table t1 rename t2;

給字段加索引

mysql> alter table tablename add index 索引名 (字段名1[，字段名2 …]);

mysql> alter table tablename add index emp_name (name);

加主關(guān)鍵字的索引

mysql> alter table tablename add primary key(id);

加唯一限制條件的索引

mysql> alter table tablename add unique emp_name2(cardnumber);

刪除某個(gè)索引

mysql>alter table tablename drop index emp_name;

遠(yuǎn)程訪問(wèn)mysql 設(shè)置

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON database_test.* to IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

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