Glossophobia — better known as a fear of public speaking — affects 74% of people, according to a National Institute of Mental Health survey. So it's no surprise the very thought of addressing large crowds causes so much stress, angst, and discomfort.

根據(jù)美國(guó)心理健康研究所調(diào)查顯示，公開(kāi)發(fā)言恐懼癥(也就是對(duì)公開(kāi)發(fā)言的恐懼)影響了74%的人。所以在大量人群前演講會(huì)導(dǎo)致諸多緊張、焦慮、不安等情緒就不足為奇了。

In the past three decades, I've given more than 1,200 presentations to upward of a million people. Many say the ability to speak before large crowds is innate, but I'm not sure that's true.

在過(guò)去的30年，我給10萬(wàn)人做過(guò)1200多次演講。許多人說(shuō)在大量人群前演講的能力是天生的，但我不能同意。

I didn't do much public speaking in the first 20 years of my life. Our school didn't encourage students to speak in front of crowds, so I graduated from high school and started university thinking I didn't possess the tools to connect with large audiences.

在20歲之前，我沒(méi)做過(guò)多少公開(kāi)演講。我們學(xué)校沒(méi)有鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生在人群前發(fā)言，所以我在高中畢業(yè)開(kāi)始上大學(xué)時(shí)并沒(méi)有掌握與大量聽(tīng)眾溝通的方法。

Like so many other things in life — including business acumen — speaking skills can betaught, enhanced, and perfected.

就像生活中的許多事(包括商業(yè)頭腦)，演講技能可以通過(guò)后天學(xué)習(xí)、提高、鞏固。

Poor lines of communication or a bad presentation can lead to lost opportunities. Conversely, great public speaking skills can land you a new job or client, motivate your team, and even turn a bad situation around.

不善溝通或者缺乏演講技巧可能會(huì)讓你失去機(jī)會(huì)。相反的，良好的公開(kāi)演講技巧能幫你找到一份新工作或者結(jié)識(shí)新客戶，激發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)積極性，甚至轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)愀獾木謩?shì)。

Speak with purpose in the workplace

在工作場(chǎng)所帶著目的演講

In honing my public speaking skills, I've also significantly improved how I interact with my colleagues back in the office, mainly using these five tactics:

在磨練演講技巧時(shí)，我也極大地提升了自己與同事之間相互溝通的技巧，主要用以下五種策略：

1. Map out the message

1. 設(shè)計(jì)好要傳輸?shù)男畔?/p>

Think through what you want to say and identify the two or three key messages you want listeners to retain. Then, put those into a logical sequence. Keep the message condensed and easily understandable. The way to get a message across at work is to narrow it as much as possible. The more focused it is, the better employees will grasp it.

仔細(xì)想想你要說(shuō)什么，確定兩到三個(gè)想讓聽(tīng)眾記住的關(guān)鍵信息點(diǎn)。然后，把這些信息形成邏輯。讓這些信息簡(jiǎn)明扼要、易于理解。在工作中傳達(dá)信息的方法是盡可能把它縮小。焦點(diǎn)越集中，員工越易于理解。

Your primary objective is to inform and educate the audience; to do this, focus on the content, but don't get too hung up on the delivery.

你的主要目的是告訴并教育聽(tīng)眾要這樣做，專注于你的內(nèi)容，不要太在意演講方式。

Craft agendas for all presentations, be they companywide announcements or one-on-one chats with colleagues. Charting a direction for your workplace communication ensures that your message will land. Create a road map for your talk by planning all the necessary stops along the way. It's that simple.

為所有的演講制作議程，在公司范圍內(nèi)發(fā)布聲明或是一一與同事溝通。為辦公室內(nèi)的溝通確立方向能保證信息有效落地。給你的講話列好提綱，計(jì)劃好所有的細(xì)節(jié)。這是很簡(jiǎn)單的。

2. Speak from the heart

2. 發(fā)自內(nèi)心地演講

Take possession of the room. People are giving you their time, so make it worth their while. It isn't enough just to know what you're talking about: You have to believe in it. Don't say "I wasn't planning on talking with you today" or that you didn't have time to prepare. Be humble, sincere, and controlled in your approach.

做這里的主人。人們給了你時(shí)間，要讓他們感覺(jué)有價(jià)值。只了解你要講什么是不夠的：你必須相信它。別說(shuō)“我沒(méi)有打算今天談話”或者沒(méi)時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備。要在演講過(guò)程中做到謙虛、真誠(chéng)、克制。

Don't conduct a word-by-word recitation of your speech. Connect with your audience through constant eye contact and vocal modulation that allows your emotion, commitment, and determination to naturally shine.

別把演講弄成逐字逐句的背誦。通過(guò)不斷的眼神交流以及聲音調(diào)整與你的聽(tīng)眾進(jìn)行溝通，這會(huì)讓你的情感、承諾和決心自然地流露。

Delivering a new officewide initiative with this type of fervor, for example, keys employees in to the fact that what you're saying needs to be retained.

把這種熱情用在辦公場(chǎng)所，比如，重要員工所說(shuō)的話需要被保留。

3. Use visuals

3. 運(yùn)用視覺(jué)化表達(dá)

Never underestimate the value of showing visual elements that reinforce your points. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, people remember 65% of information they retain through a combination of visual and oral communication.

永遠(yuǎn)別低估了運(yùn)用視覺(jué)元素增強(qiáng)表現(xiàn)力的價(jià)值。根據(jù)美國(guó)勞工部的數(shù)據(jù)，人們通過(guò)視覺(jué)和口頭交流的方式記住了65%的信息。

Display the graphs, videos, and images that best convey your message. Visuals bring your words to life and improve the chances that your message will be committed to memory.

通過(guò)圖表、視頻和圖片能很好地傳輸你要表達(dá)的信息。視覺(jué)化能讓你的語(yǔ)言更生動(dòng)，使你的信息更容易被記憶。

4. Be prepared

4. 充分準(zhǔn)備

I was very nervous the first time I spoke in front of a crowd. I felt unprepared and overwhelmed with the audience's perception of me and my speech. Though my recollection of the talk itself is sketchy, one impression sticks with me: I never wanted to feel that vulnerable in front of an audience again.

我第一次在公眾前演講時(shí)非常緊張。觀眾對(duì)我以及演講的看法讓我感到措手不及、倍受打擊。雖然我對(duì)演講本身的回憶不夠清晰，但有一件事讓我印象深刻：我再也不想在聽(tīng)眾前如此脆弱了。

Never wing it. Develop your own style, and don't try to copy someone else's. Whether you're discussing a department overhaul, a new hire, or a change in company policy, know what you're talking about. Collect any and all relevant information and come in prepared. If you show confidence, your audience will feel it, too.

永遠(yuǎn)別臨場(chǎng)發(fā)揮。形成自己的風(fēng)格，別試圖模仿別人。無(wú)論你是在討論部門(mén)改革、新員工，還是公司政策變化，都要知道自己在說(shuō)什么。收集所有相關(guān)信息，充分準(zhǔn)備。如果你表現(xiàn)出自信，你的聽(tīng)眾也會(huì)這么覺(jué)得。

5. Zone in

5. 融入其中

You've prepared the talk — now it's time to prepare the speaker. Don't stay out late the night before, drink too much, or eat unfamiliar foods. A good night's rest is invaluable and will transfer good energy into the presentation.

你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了演講，現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候準(zhǔn)備作為一個(gè)演講者了。前一天晚上別在外面待到太晚，別喝多，也別吃陌生食品。晚上好好休息是很有必要的，會(huì)讓你在演講時(shí)精力充沛。

Dress appropriately, get to the venue on time, and ease into the surroundings. Feel comfortable with the stage, the room, and the audience. In the final hour before your talk, don't change a thing.

穿著得體，準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)會(huì)場(chǎng)，輕松融入周?chē)h(huán)境。熟悉舞臺(tái)、房間以及聽(tīng)眾。在你演講之前，不要再改變?nèi)魏蝺?nèi)容。

Public speaking isn't difficult. It's uncomfortable the first few times, because people are looking at you, listening to you, and hoping to learn something from you. You don't want to let them down, so don't. Business is all about having an idea and communicating your vision, so go ahead. Inform them, entertain them, and fill the room with your energy, passion, and presence.

公開(kāi)演講并不難。開(kāi)始幾次會(huì)感覺(jué)到不適，因?yàn)槿藗兛粗?、?tīng)著你，并且希望從你這里學(xué)到一些東西。你也不想讓他們失望，那就別讓他們失望。商業(yè)說(shuō)白了就是有一個(gè)想法，并且與人們溝通你的愿景，所以勇往直前吧。告訴他們、接納他們，把你的精力、熱情以及風(fēng)度充滿整個(gè)房間。