中華人民共和國專利法

PATENT LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

(1984年3月12日第六屆全國人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第四次會(huì)議通過

(Adopted at the 4th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on March 12,1984

根據(jù)1992年9月4日第七屆全國人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第二十七次會(huì)議《關(guān)于修改〈中華人民共和國專利法〉的決定》第一次修正)

Amended in accordance with the Decision of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on Amending the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China at its 27th Meeting on September 4,1992

根據(jù)2000年8月25日第九屆全國人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)第十七次會(huì)議《關(guān)于修改〈中華人民共和國專利法〉的決定》第二次修正

Amended again in accordance with the Decision of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on Amending the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at its 17th Meeting on August 25,2000

目錄

TABLE OF CONTENTS

第一章　總則

Chapter I General Provisions

第一條 為了保護(hù)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造專利權(quán)，鼓勵(lì)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造，有利于發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的推廣應(yīng)用，促進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步和創(chuàng)新，適應(yīng)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的需要，特制定本法。

Article 1 This Law is enacted to protect patent rights for inventions-creations, to encourage invention-creation, to foster the spreading and application of inventions-creations, and to promote the development and innovation of science and technology, for meeting the needs of the construction of socialist modernization.

第二條 本法所稱的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造是指發(fā)明、實(shí)用新型和外觀設(shè)計(jì)。

Article 2 In this Law, "inventions-creations" mean inventions, utility models and designs.

第三條 國務(wù)院專利行政部門負(fù)責(zé)管理全國的專利工作;

Article 3 The patent administration department under the State Council is responsible for the patent work throughout the country.

統(tǒng)一受理和審查專利申請，依法授予專利權(quán)。

It receives and examines patent applications and grants patent rights for inventions-creations in accordance with law.

省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府管理專利工作的部門負(fù)責(zé)本行政區(qū)域內(nèi)的專利管理工作。

The administrative authority for patent affairs under the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government are responsible for the administrative work concerning patents in their respective administrative areas .

第四條 申請專利的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造涉及國家安全或者重大利益需要保密的，按照國家有關(guān)規(guī)定辦理。

Article 4 Where an invention-creation for which a patent is applied for relates to the security or other vital interests of the State and is required to be kept secret, the application shall be treated in accordance with the relevant prescriptions of the State.

第五條 對違反國家法律、社會(huì)公德或者妨害公共利益的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造，不授予專利權(quán)。

Article 5 No patent right shall be granted for any invention-creation that is contrary to the laws of the State or social morality or that is detrimental to public interest.

第六條 執(zhí)行本單位的任務(wù)或者主要是利用本單位的物質(zhì)技術(shù)條件所完成的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造為職務(wù)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造。

Article 6 An invention-creation, made by a person in execution of the tasks of the entity to which he belongs, or made by him mainly by using the material and technical means of the entity is a service invention-creation.

職務(wù)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造申請專利的權(quán)利屬于該單位;

For a service intention-creation, the right to apply for a patent belongs to the entity.

申請被批準(zhǔn)后，該單位為專利權(quán)人。

After the application is approved, the entity shall be the patentee.

非職務(wù)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造，申請專利的權(quán)利屬于發(fā)明人或者設(shè)計(jì)人;

For a non-service invention-creation, the right to apply for a patent belongs to the inventor or creator.

申請被批準(zhǔn)后，該發(fā)明人或者設(shè)計(jì)人為專利權(quán)人。

After the application is approved, the inventor or creator shall be the patentee.

利用本單位的物質(zhì)技術(shù)條件所完成的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造，單位與發(fā)明人或者設(shè)計(jì)人訂有合同，對申請專利的權(quán)利和專利權(quán)的歸屬作出約定的，從其約定。

In respect of an invention-creation made by a person using the material and technical means of an entity to which he belongs, where the entity and the inventor or creator have entered into a contract in which the right to apply for and own a patent is provided for, such a provision shall apply.

第七條 對發(fā)明人或者設(shè)計(jì)人的非職務(wù)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造專利申請，任何單位或者個(gè)人不得壓制。

Article 7. No entity or individual shall prevent the inventor or creator from filing an application for a patent for a non-service invention-creation.

第八條 兩個(gè)以上單位或者個(gè)人合作完成的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造、一個(gè)單位或者個(gè)人接受其他單位或者個(gè)人委托所完成的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造，除另有協(xié)議的以外，申請專利的權(quán)利屬于完成或者共同完成的單位或者個(gè)人;

Article 8. For an invention-creation jointly made by two or more entities or individuals, or made by an entity or individual in execution of a commission given to it or him by another entity or individual, the right to apply for a patent belongs, unless otherwise agreed upon, to the entity or individual that made, or to the entities or individuals that jointly made, the invention-creation.

申請被批準(zhǔn)后，申請的單位或者個(gè)人為專利權(quán)人。

After the application is approved, the entity or individual that applied for it shall be the patentee.

第九條 兩個(gè)以上的申請人分別就同樣的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造申請專利的，專利權(quán)授予最先申請的人。

Article 9. Where two or more applicants file applications for patent for the identical invention-creation, the patent right shall be granted to the applicant whose application was filed first.

第十條 專利申請權(quán)和專利權(quán)可以轉(zhuǎn)讓。

Article 10. The right to apply for a patent and the patent right may be assigned.

中國單位或者個(gè)人向外國人轉(zhuǎn)讓專利申請權(quán)或者專利權(quán)的，必須經(jīng)國務(wù)院有關(guān)主管部門批準(zhǔn)。

Any assignment, by a Chinese entity or individual, of the right to apply for a patent, or of the patent right, to a foreigner must be approved by the competent department concerned of the State Council.

轉(zhuǎn)讓專利申請權(quán)或者專利權(quán)的，當(dāng)事人應(yīng)當(dāng)訂立書面合同，并向國務(wù)院專利行政部門登記，由國務(wù)院專利行政部門予以公告。

Where the right to apply for a patent or the patent right is assigned, the parties shall conclude a written contract and register it with the patent administration department under the State Council. The patent administration department under the State Council shall announce the registration.

專利申請權(quán)或者專利權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)讓自登記之日起生效。

The assignment shall take effect as of the date of registration.

第十一條 發(fā)明和實(shí)用新型專利權(quán)被授予后，除本法另有規(guī)定的以外，任何單位或者個(gè)人未經(jīng)專利權(quán)人許可，都不得實(shí)施其專利，即不得為生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營目的制造、使用、許諾銷售、銷售、進(jìn)口其專利產(chǎn)品，或者使用其專利方法以及使用、許諾銷售、銷售、進(jìn)口依照該專利方法直接獲得的產(chǎn)品。

Article 11 After the grant of the patent right for an invention or utility model, except where otherwise provided for in this Law, no entity or individual may, without the authorization of the patentee, exploit the patent, that is, make, use, offer to sell, sell or import the patented product, or use the patented process, and use, offer to sell, sell or import the product directly obtained by the patented process, for production or business purposes.

外觀設(shè)計(jì)專利權(quán)被授予后，任何單位或者個(gè)人未經(jīng)專利權(quán)人許可，都不得實(shí)施其專利，即不得為生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營目的制造、銷售、進(jìn)口其外觀設(shè)計(jì)專利產(chǎn)品。

After the grant of the patent right for a design, no entity or individual may, without the authorization of the patentee, exploit the patent, that is, make, sell or import the product incorporating its or his patented design, for production or business purposes.

第十二條 任何單位或者個(gè)人實(shí)施他人專利的，應(yīng)當(dāng)與專利權(quán)人訂立書面實(shí)施許可合同，向?qū)＠麢?quán)人支付專利使用費(fèi)。

Article 12. Any entity or individua1 exploiting the patent of another shall conclude with the patentee a written license contract for exploitation and pay the patentee a fee for the exploitation of the patent.

被許可人無權(quán)允許合同規(guī)定以外的任何單位或者個(gè)人實(shí)施該專利。

The licensee has no right to authorize any entity or individual, other than that referred to in the contract for exploitation, to exploit the patent.

第十三條 發(fā)明專利申請公布后，申請人可以要求實(shí)施其發(fā)明的單位或者個(gè)人支付適當(dāng)?shù)馁M(fèi)用。

Article 13. After the publication of the application for a patent for invention, the applicant may require the entity or individual exploiting the invention to pay an appropriate fee.

第十四條 國有企業(yè)事業(yè)單位的發(fā)明專利，對國家利益或者公共利益具有重大意義的，國務(wù)院有關(guān)主管部門和省、自治區(qū)、直轄市人民政府報(bào)經(jīng)國務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)，可以決定在批準(zhǔn)的范圍內(nèi)推廣應(yīng)用，允許指定的單位實(shí)施，

Article 14. Where any patent for invention, belonging to any State-owned enterprise or institution, is of great significance to the interest of the State or to the public interest, the competent departments concerned under the State council and the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government may, after approval by the State Council, decide that the patented invention be spread and applied within the approved limits, and allow designated entities to exploit that invention.

由實(shí)施單位按照國家規(guī)定向?qū)＠麢?quán)人支付使用費(fèi)。

The exploiting entity shall, according to the regulations of the State, pay a fee for exploitation to the patentee .

中國集體所有制單位和個(gè)人的發(fā)明專利，對國家利益或者公共利益具有重大意義，需要推廣應(yīng)用的，參照前款規(guī)定辦理。

Any patent for invention belonging to a Chinese individual or an entity under collective ownership, which is of great significance to the interest of the State or to the public interest and is in need of spreading and application, may be treated alike by making reference to the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

第十五條 專利權(quán)人有權(quán)在其專利產(chǎn)品或者該產(chǎn)品的包裝上標(biāo)明專利標(biāo)記和專利號。

Article l5. The patentee has the right to affix a patent marking and to indicate the number of the patent on the patented product or on the packing of that product.

第十六條 被授予專利權(quán)的單位應(yīng)當(dāng)對職務(wù)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的發(fā)明人或者設(shè)計(jì)人給予獎(jiǎng)勵(lì);發(fā)明創(chuàng)造專利實(shí)施后，根據(jù)其推廣應(yīng)用的范圍和取得的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，對發(fā)明人或者設(shè)計(jì)人給予合理的報(bào)酬。

Article 16. The entity that is granted a patent right shall award to the inventor or creator of a service invention-creation a reward and, upon exploitation of the patented invention-creation, shall pay the inventor or creator a reasonable remuneration based on the extent of spreading and application and the economic benefits yielded.

第十七條 發(fā)明人或者設(shè)計(jì)人有在專利文件中寫明自己是發(fā)明人或者設(shè)計(jì)人的權(quán)利。

Article l7. The inventor or creator has the right to be named as such in the patent document.

第十八條 在中國沒有經(jīng)常居所或者營業(yè)所的外國人、外國企業(yè)或者外國其他組織在中國申請專利的，依照其所屬國同中國簽訂的協(xié)議或者共同參加的國際條約，或者依照互惠原則，根據(jù)本法辦理。

Article 18. Where any foreigner, foreign enterprise or other foreign organization having no habitual residence or business office in China files an application for a patent in China, the application sha1l be treated under this Law in accordance with any agreement concluded between the country to which the applicant belongs and China, or in accordance with any international treaty to which both countries are party, or on the basis of the principle of reciprocity.

第十九條 在中國沒有經(jīng)常居所或者營業(yè)所的外國人、外國企業(yè)或者外國其他組織在中國申請專利和辦理其他專利事務(wù)的，應(yīng)當(dāng)委托國務(wù)院專利行政部門指定的專利代理機(jī)構(gòu)辦理。

Article l9. Where any foreigner, foreign enterprise or other foreign organization having no habitual residence or business office in China applies for a patent, or has other patent matters to attend to, in China, it or he shall appoint a patent agency designated by the patent administration department under the State Council to act as his or its agent.

中國單位或者個(gè)人在國內(nèi)申請專利和辦理其他專利事務(wù)的，可以委托專利代理機(jī)構(gòu)辦理。

Where any Chinese entity or individual applies for a patent or has other patent matters to attend to in the country, it or he may appoint a patent agency to act as its or his agent.

代理機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守法律、行政法規(guī)，按照被代理人的委托辦理專利申請或者其他專利事務(wù);

The patent agency shall comply with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations, and handle patent applications and other patent matters according to the instructions of its clients.

對被代理人發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的內(nèi)容，除專利申請已經(jīng)公布或者公告的以外，負(fù)有保密責(zé)任。

In respect of the contents of its clients' inventions-creations, except for those that have been published or announced, the agency shall bear the responsibility of keeping them confidential.

專利專利代理機(jī)構(gòu)的具體管理辦法由國務(wù)院規(guī)定。

The administrative regulations governing the patent agency shall be formulated by the State Council.

第二十條 中國單位或者個(gè)人將其在國內(nèi)完成的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造向外國申請專利的，應(yīng)當(dāng)先向國務(wù)院專利行政部門申請專利，委托其指定的專利代理機(jī)構(gòu)辦理，并遵守本法第四條的規(guī)定。

Article 20. Where any Chinese entity or individual intends to file an application in a foreign country for a patent for invention-creation made in China, it or he shall file first an application for patent with the patent administration department under the State Council, appoint a patent agency designated by the said department to act as its or his agent, and comply with the provisions of Article 4 of this Law.

中國單位或者個(gè)人可以根據(jù)中華人民共和國參加的有關(guān)國際條約提出專利國際申請。

Any Chinese entity or individual may file an international application for patent in accordance with any international treaty concerned to which China is party.

申請人提出專利國際申請的，應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守前款規(guī)定。

The applicant filing an international application for patent shall comply with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

國務(wù)院專利行政部門依照中華人民共和國參加的有關(guān)國際條約、本法和國務(wù)院有關(guān)規(guī)定處理專利國際申請。

The patent administration department under the State Council shall handle any international application for patent in accordance with the international treaty concerned to which China is party, this Law and the relevant regulations of the State Council.

第二十一條 國務(wù)院專利行政部門及其專利復(fù)審委員會(huì)應(yīng)當(dāng)按照客觀、公正、準(zhǔn)確、及時(shí)的要求，依法處理有關(guān)專利的申請和請求。

Article 21. The patent administration department under the State Council and its Patent Reexamination Board shall handle any patent application and patent-related request according to law and in conformity with the requirements for being objective, fair, correct and timely.

在專利申請公布或者公告前，國務(wù)院專利行政部門的工作人員及有關(guān)人員對其內(nèi)容負(fù)有保密責(zé)任。

Until the publication or announcement of the application for a patent, staff members of the patent administration department under the State Council and other persons involved have the duty to keep its contents secret.

第二章　授予專利權(quán)的條件

Chapter II Requirements for Grant of Patent Right

第二十二條 授予專利權(quán)的發(fā)明和實(shí)用新型，應(yīng)當(dāng)具備新穎性、創(chuàng)造性和實(shí)用性。

Article 22. Any invention or utility model for which patent right may be granted must possess novelty, inventiveness and practical app1icability.

新穎性，是指在申請日以前沒有同樣的發(fā)明或者實(shí)用新型在國內(nèi)外出版物上公開發(fā)表過、在國內(nèi)公開使用過或者以其他方式為公眾所知，也沒有同樣的發(fā)明或者實(shí)用新型由他人向國務(wù)院專利行政部門提出過申請并且記載在申請日以后公布的專利申請文件中。

Novelty means that, before the date of filing, no identical invention or utility model has been publicly disclosed in publications in the country or abroad or has been publicly used or made known to the public by any other means in the country, nor has any other person filed previously with the Patent Administration Department Under the State Council an application which described the identical invention or utility mode1 and was published after the said date of filing.

創(chuàng)造性，是指同申請日以前已有的技術(shù)相比，該發(fā)明有突出的實(shí)質(zhì)性特點(diǎn)和顯著的進(jìn)步，該實(shí)用新型有實(shí)質(zhì)性特點(diǎn)和進(jìn)步。

Inventiveness means that, as compared with the technology existing before the date of filing, the invention has prominent substantive features and represents a notable progress and that the utility model has substantive features and represents progress.

實(shí)用性，是指該發(fā)明或者實(shí)用新型能夠制造或者使用，并且能夠產(chǎn)生積極效果。

Practical applicability means that the invention or utility model can be made or used and can produce effective results.

第二十三條 授予專利權(quán)的外觀設(shè)計(jì)，應(yīng)當(dāng)同申請日以前在國內(nèi)外出版物上公開發(fā)表過或者國內(nèi)公開使用過的外觀設(shè)計(jì)不相同和不相近似，并不得與他人在先取得的合法權(quán)利相沖突。

Article 23. Any design for which patent right may be granted must not be identical with and simi1ar to any design which, before the date of filing, has been publicly disclosed in publications in the country or abroad or has been publicly used in the country, and must not be in conflict with any prior right of any other person.

第二十四條 申請專利的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造在申請日以前六個(gè)月內(nèi)，有下列情形之一的，不喪失新穎性：

Article 24. An invention-creation for which a patent is applied for does not lose its novelty where, within six months before the date of filing, one of the following events occurred:

(一)在中國政府主辦或者承認(rèn)的國際展覽會(huì)上首次展出的;

(l) where it was first exhibited at an international exhibition sponsored or recognized by the Chinese Government;

(二)在規(guī)定的學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議或者技術(shù)會(huì)議上首次發(fā)表的;

(2) where it was first made public at a prescribed academic or technological meeting;

(三)他人未經(jīng)申請人同意而泄露其內(nèi)容的。

(3) where it was disc1osed by any person without the consent of the applicant.

第二十五條 對下列各項(xiàng)，不授予專利權(quán)：

Article 25 For any of the following, no patent right shall be granted:

(一)科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn);

(1) scientific discoveries;

(二)智力活動(dòng)的規(guī)則和方法;

(2) rules and methods for mental activities;

(三)疾病的診斷和治療方法;

(3) methods for the diagnosis or for the treatment of diseases;

(四)動(dòng)物和植物品種;

(4) animal and plant varieties;

(五)用原子核變換方法獲得的物質(zhì)。

5) substances obtained by means of nuclear transformation.

對前款第(四)項(xiàng)所列產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)方法，可以依照本法規(guī)定授予專利權(quán)。

For processes used in producing products referred to in items (4) of the preceding paragraph, patent right may be granted in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

第三章　專利的申請

Chapter III Application for Patent

第二十六條 申請發(fā)明或者實(shí)用新型專利的，應(yīng)當(dāng)提交請求書、說明書及其摘要和權(quán)利要求書等文件。

Article 26. Where an application for a patent for invention or utility model is filed, a request, a description and its abstract, and claims shall be submitted.

請求書應(yīng)當(dāng)寫明發(fā)明或者實(shí)用新型的名稱，發(fā)明人或者設(shè)計(jì)人的姓名，申請人姓名或者名稱、地址，以及其他事項(xiàng)。

The request shall state the title of the invention or utility model, the name of the inventor or creator, the name and the address of the applicant and other related matters.

說明書應(yīng)當(dāng)對發(fā)明或者實(shí)用新型作出清楚、完整的說明，以所屬技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)人員能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)為準(zhǔn);必要的時(shí)候，應(yīng)當(dāng)有附圖。

The description shall set forth the invention or utility model in a manner sufficiently clear and complete so as to enable a person skilled in the re1evant field of techno1ogy to carry it out; where necessary, drawings are required.

摘要應(yīng)當(dāng)簡要說明發(fā)明或者實(shí)用新型的技術(shù)要點(diǎn)。

The abstract shall state briefly the main technical points of the invention or utility model.

權(quán)利要求書應(yīng)當(dāng)以說明書為依據(jù)，說明要求專利保護(hù)的范圍

The claims sha1l be supported by the description and shal1 state the extent of the patent protection asked for.

第二十七條 申請外觀設(shè)計(jì)專利的，應(yīng)當(dāng)提交請求書以及該外觀設(shè)計(jì)的圖片或者照片等文件，并且應(yīng)當(dāng)寫明使用該外觀設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品及其所屬的類別。

Article 27. Where an app1ication for a patent for design is filed, a request, drawings or photographs of the design shall be submitted, and the product incorporating the design and the class to which that product be1ongs shall be indicated.

第二十八條 國務(wù)院專利行政部門收到專利申請文件之日為申請日。

Article 28. The date on which the Patent Administration Department Under the State Council receives the application shall be the date of filing.

如果申請文件是郵寄的，以寄出的郵戳日為申請日。

If the app1ication is sent by mail, the date of mailing indicated by the postmark shall be the date of filing.

第二十九條 申請人自發(fā)明或者實(shí)用新型在外國第一次提出專利申請之日起十二個(gè)月內(nèi)，或者自外觀設(shè)計(jì)在外國第一次提出專利申請之日起六個(gè)月內(nèi)，又在中國就相同主題提出專利申請的，依照該外國同中國簽訂的協(xié)議或者共同參加的國際條約，或者依照相互承認(rèn)優(yōu)先權(quán)的原則，可以享有優(yōu)先權(quán)。

Article 29. Where , within twelve months from the date on which any applicant first filed in a foreign country an application for a Patent for invention or utility model, or within six months from the date on which any applicant first filed in a foreign country an application for a patent for design, he or it files in China an application for a patent for the same subject matter, he or it may, in accordance with any agreement concluded between the said foreign country and China, or in accordance with any international treaty to which both countries are party, or on the basis of the principle of mutual recognition of the right of priority, enjoy a right of priority.

申請人自發(fā)明或者實(shí)用新型在中國第一次提出專利申請之日起十二個(gè)月內(nèi)，又向國務(wù)院專利行政部門就相同主題提出專利申請的，可以享有優(yōu)先權(quán)。

Where, within twelve months from the date on which any applicant first filed in China an application for a patent for invention or utility model, he or it files with the Patent Administration Department Under the State Council an application for a patent for the same subject matter , he or it may enjoy a right of priority.

第三十條 申請人要求優(yōu)先權(quán)的，應(yīng)當(dāng)在申請的時(shí)候提出書面聲明，并且在三個(gè)月內(nèi)提交第一次提出的專利申請文件的副本;未提出書面聲明或者逾期未提交專利申請文件副本的，視為未要求優(yōu)先權(quán)。

Article 30. Any applicant who claims the right of priority shall make a written declaration when the application is filed, and submit, within three months, a copy of the patent application document which was first filed; if the applicant fails to make the written declaration or to meet the time limit for submitting the patent application document, the claim to the right of priority shall be deemed not to have been made.