一、重點(diǎn)詞匯(要求四會(huì))

hobby, single, strict, violin, piano, guitar, model, collect, coin, stamp, form, vacation, ant, farm, milk, cow, country, newspaper, away, course, ride, accident, camp, tent, check, win, afraid, invite, score, except, enormous, weekend, nothing, till, probably, article, accept, refuse, reason, tonight, guest, future, poor, college, though, why, energy, discover, percent, ticket, coffee, pocket, boat, key, ring, luck, term, progress, grammar, rule, improve, skill, habit, advantage, mistake, language, camel, India, western, mountain, ancient, famous, high, mile, foot, bit, compare, hometown, toy, traditional, modern, beach, clean, thousand, basic, happen, nobody, danger, during, reach, separate, government, become, plant, clear, fisherman, sand, everybody, condition, agree, soon, promise, village, bring, another, itself, service, conference, business, worth, story, could, already, invent, night, memory, count, beat, act, card, shine, front, wait, steal, gold, explain, return, reply, myself, lady, trust, garden, appear, paper, side, silence, mirror, cry, inside, knock, waste, empty, die, light, save, burn, smoke, place, truck, maybe, noise, knife, fork, kill, hero, officer, murder, death, perhaps, fair, motorcycle, seem, stupid, moment, point, anyway, yourself, until, lie, honest, lonely, helpful, laugh, rather, loud, shout, test, mouse, experiment, horse, treatment, secret, feed, goat, note, wonder, pretty, guard, careless, complete, patient, tidy, careful, rubbish, metal, plastic, right, ugly, operation, gift, last, celebrate, silver, common, send, message, greeting, include, wise, festival, clap, suppose, dumpling, spare, certain, cheer, arrive, shoulder, culture, somewhere, surprise, notice, candle, direction, doll, candy, public.

二、重點(diǎn)詞組

go away 走開(kāi)

fix up 修理，修補(bǔ)

work out 做大運(yùn)動(dòng)量的鍛煉

get together 聚會(huì)，聯(lián)歡

play the piano 彈鋼琴

be strict with sb 對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格

play the violin 拉小提琴

play the guitar 彈吉它

on vacation 在休假

on the farm 在農(nóng)場(chǎng)

be afraid of 害怕

on the weekend 在周末

lots of 許多

listen to the music 聽(tīng)音樂(lè)

a member of 成員之一，一分子

enjoy oneself 過(guò)得愉快，玩得愉快

get ready for… 為……做好準(zhǔn)備，準(zhǔn)備做……

take photos 拍照，攝影

take a course(class) 學(xué)一門課程

go shopping 去購(gòu)物

on one's own 靠自己;獨(dú)自

rock climbing 攀巖

in the summer vacations 暑假

stay with 和……呆在一起

on a farm 在農(nóng)場(chǎng)

a summer camp 夏令營(yíng)

a lot of 許多

go swimming 去游泳

talk to sb. 和某人談話

after school 放學(xué)后

do one's homework 做家庭作業(yè)

play tennis 打網(wǎng)球

be free 有空

go shopping 購(gòu)物

go out for a meal 出去吃飯

have a party 開(kāi)宴會(huì)

go to the movies 去看電影

on time 按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí);于指定時(shí)間

stay up 不睡覺(jué);熬夜

grow up 長(zhǎng)大成人，成長(zhǎng)

sports car 跑車

in general 通常，大體上

at the same time 同時(shí)

first of all 首先

find out 發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明

pocket money 零用錢

make progress 取得進(jìn)步

little by little 漸漸地

in front of 在……前面

at least 至少

take advantage of 利用

worry about 擔(dān)心

be responsible for 對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)

prepare for 預(yù)備……，為……做準(zhǔn)備

how about 怎么樣(后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式等)

be famous for 以……著名/有名

make a mistake/mistakes 做錯(cuò)，犯錯(cuò)誤

save up 儲(chǔ)蓄，貯存

keep fit 保持健康

the Great Sphinx 獅身人面像

at least 至少

speak in English 用英語(yǔ)交談;講英語(yǔ)

concentrate on 全神貫注于

get married 結(jié)婚

graduate from high school 中學(xué)畢業(yè)

at college 在大學(xué)里

part-time job 兼職工作

travel around the world 環(huán)游全世界

ask for help 求援;請(qǐng)求幫助

in front of 在……前面

prepare for an exam 準(zhǔn)備考試

make progress 取得進(jìn)步

take part in 參加

go to college 上大學(xué)

be famous for 因……著名

the Amazon River 亞馬孫河

the Nile River 尼羅河

the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠

the Gobi Desert 戈壁灘

Mount Qomolangma 珠穆朗瑪峰

Lake Baikal 貝加爾湖

the Caspian Sea 里海

the Pacific Ocean 太平洋

the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋

the Indian Ocean 印度洋

in terms of 根據(jù)，按照

a bit 一點(diǎn)兒

compare…with 與……相比

used to 過(guò)去經(jīng)常

dust storm 沙塵暴

no longer 不再

lift up 提起來(lái)

on the other hand 另一方面

New Zealand 新西蘭

the South Pacific Ocean 南太平洋

the total area 總面積

the largest city 最大的城市

both of… 兩者都

the longest river 最長(zhǎng)的河

the total population 總?cè)丝?/p>

square kilometer 平方公里

closer to the beach 瀕臨海灘

make a big mistake 犯一個(gè)大的錯(cuò)誤

in turns 依次

members of the class 班級(jí)成員

at the end 在最后

put on 穿上

in English 用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)

in the past 在過(guò)去

win the game 贏得比賽

just now 剛剛

look for 尋找

think about 考慮

look at 看

put out 撲滅，熄滅

take care of 照顧

be good at 擅長(zhǎng)

at the age of 在……歲

look like 像

go out 出去，出門

at home 在家

at school 上學(xué)，在學(xué)校

at one's house　　 在某人家

a piece of music 一支音樂(lè)

write down 寫下，記下

design computer programs 設(shè)計(jì)電腦程序

in the end 最后，終于

well-known 眾所周知的

lots of 許多

at one's house 在某人家

work out 制訂出;算出;消耗完

enjoy doing sth 喜歡干某事

be born 出身于

such as 例如

written by 由……撰寫

play the violin 拉小提琴

wait for 等

come back 回來(lái)

speak to 對(duì)……說(shuō)

be expert in 在……出色

be good at… 擅長(zhǎng)于

at the mall 在商場(chǎng)

at home 在家

at school 在學(xué)校

in a library 在圖書館

talk to 和……談話

look after 照顧

at the moment 此刻

have a point 有道理

deal with 安排，處理

put off 推遲;拖延

tell lies 說(shuō)謊

absent-minded 心不在焉的

self-centered 自我中心的

take place 發(fā)生

a number of 許多的

keep a secret 保守秘密

take notes 做筆記

be careful with　　 小心

tell jokes 講笑話

save electricity 節(jié)電

make sure 確定

think about 考慮，回想，回憶

too…to… 太……以至不

on one's own 獨(dú)立地，單獨(dú)地

both of… 兩者都

grow up 成長(zhǎng)，發(fā)展

a little 一點(diǎn)兒

have problem with 在……(方面)有問(wèn)題

pick up 撿起

shout at sb. (向某人)大聲喊叫

heavy metal music 重金屬音樂(lè)

all the time 始終

talk about 談?wù)?談及

complain about 抱怨

after school 放學(xué)后

play sports 進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動(dòng)

chess club 相棋俱樂(lè)部

too…to… 太……以致不能

take some medicine 吃藥

shout at 　　 朝……大喊/叫

listen to 聽(tīng)

a sore throat 喉痛

fast food 快餐

stop talking 不要說(shuō)話

enjoy oneself 玩得高興

on the other hand 另一方面

part-time job 兼職

go to college 上大學(xué)

at the top of 在……頂端

Christmas Eve 圣誕節(jié)前夕

Christmas Day 圣誕節(jié)

Jesus Christ 耶穌基督

Christmas tree 圣誕樹(shù)

Christmas cards 圣誕卡

Happy New Year 新年好

from top to bottom 從頭至尾

be supposed to 應(yīng)該

look up at 向上看

out of breath 上氣不接下氣

window frame 窗框

send sth. to sb. 給某人寄某物，給某人送某物

wake up 叫醒，醒來(lái)

be born 出生

get ready 做準(zhǔn)備

get together 聚會(huì)

tell sb. about sth. 告訴某人某事

thousands of 成千上萬(wàn)的

take care of 照顧，看管，保管

on one's birthday 在某人的生日(宴會(huì)上)

take off 脫下，摘下，起飛

in the morning 在早上，在上午

arrive(at, in) 到達(dá)

It's time for… 是……的時(shí)間

jack-o`lantern 杰克燈，空心南瓜燈

roast turkey 烤火雞

set off 燃放(焰火，爆竹)

cut out 切掉;割掉

arrive at/in 到達(dá)

each other 互相

good luck 好運(yùn)氣

play a trick on sb 捉弄某人

English-speaking countries 說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家

visit friends 訪友

at midnight 在半夜

call the police 報(bào)警

watch TV 　　 看電視

just now 剛才

Happy birthday 生日快樂(lè)

birthday presents 生日禮物

play cards 玩牌

the China Central Television Station 中央電視臺(tái)(CCTV)

put on 上演

stay up 守歲

make a loud noise 弄出大噪音

三、重點(diǎn)句型

I like playing the guitar, but I prefer playing football.

Which club would you like to join?

How was your vacation?

I enjoyed myself a lot.

I had a good time.

I had a terrible time.

How often did he do that? Twice a week.

How long did he stay there? Three days.

The kids are getting ready for bed.

-Are you free on Sunday?

-No, I'm visiting my friends.

He's playing baseball tomorrow.

I feel like doing sth. different this weekend.

I'm going to be a doctor.

I'm going to travel around the world.

English is not only a school subject, but can be lots of fun.

What are you going to buy?

Where are you going to have lunch?

How much money are you going to spend?

-Are you going to read more books in English?

-Yes, I am. /No, I'm not.

-Is he going to join a conversation club?

-Yes, he is. /No. he isn't.

-Are they going to watch movies in English?

-Yes, they are. /No, they aren't.

How long is the Great Wall of China?

How old is the Palace Museum?

How deep is the Grand Canyon?

How high is the Eiffel Tower in Paris?

How far is Japan to China?

He could play the violin when he was six.

Could he play the guitar?

Could you ride a bicycle when you were six?

He was playing cards.

My grandparents were watching TV when I left the house.

They were playing football when it began to rain.

While I was doing my homework, the light went out.

They acted bravely.

What kind of person is she?

I think she looks quite friendly.

Why are pets good for children?

Because they are good listeners.

I want a cat to keep my company.

People have pets so they don't feel lonely.

Wishing you a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.

Thanks for your message.

Don't worry. I'll help you study.

It's okay. I'll bring a bag.

四、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：

1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)

表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況，通常一般過(guò)去式帶有表示動(dòng)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的詞，詞組或從句,如 yesterday, the day before last, last week, two days ago 等,上下文清楚時(shí)可以不帶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。

I worked in that factory last year.去年我在那一家工廠工作。

I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday.昨天我們?nèi)チ颂忑埳健?/p>

2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

表示說(shuō)話者說(shuō)話時(shí)正在發(fā)生或者進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作， 它注重現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，而不管動(dòng)作從什么時(shí)間開(kāi)始，到什么時(shí)間結(jié)束。

What are you doing now?你在干什么呢?

I am looking for my key.我在找我的鑰匙。

The workers are building a big library.工人們正在建一座大型圖書館。

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中有些動(dòng)詞表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，一般指在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：come, go, leave, start, arrive, be等。并常與表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。例如：

They are going to Shanghai on Friday. 他們星期五去上海。

John is coming here next week and will stay here until May.

約翰下星期來(lái)，并將在此逗留到五月。

What are you doing next Saturday? 你下星期六干什么事?

I am seeing him tomorrow. 我明天去看望他。

I am going for a walk. Are you coming with me? Yes, I am just coming. Wait a bit.

我去散步，你和我去嗎?好，我就來(lái)，稍等一下。

3.表示頻率的副詞和短語(yǔ)

always, sometimes, often, never, once a week, twice a week, about twice a week, three time a week, every day, nearly every day

4.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以用于以下幾種情況：

①表示人或事物動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)，如：

They usually watch TV on Sundays.他們通常在星期天看電視。

She gets up at six o'clock.她在六點(diǎn)起床。

②表示人或事物現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，如

He is twelve.他十二歲。She is at home.她在家。

Her car is under the tree.她的車在樹(shù)下。

③表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，如：

I go to school at 7:30 every day.每天七點(diǎn)半我上學(xué)。

④表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力等，如：

David can speak English and Spanish.戴維會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)和西班牙語(yǔ)。

She likes apples.她喜歡蘋果。

⑤表示普遍存在或某種客觀事實(shí)。如：

March comes after February.二月之后三月來(lái)到了。

The sun is bigger than the moon.太陽(yáng)比月亮大。

5.be going to結(jié)構(gòu)

表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和將來(lái)的計(jì)劃。

What are you going to do next Sunday?

下星期天你打算干什么?

They're going to meet outside the school gate.

他們打算在校門口見(jiàn)面。

We're not going to have any classes next week.

下個(gè)星期我們不上課。

I'm going to be a teacher.

He's going to join a conversation club.

6.一般將來(lái)時(shí)

一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來(lái)經(jīng)?；蚍闯０l(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：in a few days, tomorrow, next week, next year等。一般將來(lái)時(shí)由"助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形"構(gòu)成。在口語(yǔ)中，will在名詞或代詞后常簡(jiǎn)縮為'll, will not常簡(jiǎn)縮為won't。在疑問(wèn)句中，主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(I和we)時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shall。例如：

I will go to my hometown next week.下個(gè)星期我將要去我老家。

We will come to see you every Sunday.每個(gè)星期天我們將來(lái)看你。

【注意】①在表示"帶意愿色彩的將來(lái)"時(shí)，常用will。例如：

I'll give you a hand. 我愿意幫你。

②在問(wèn)對(duì)方是否愿意，或表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)或命令時(shí)，常用will。例如：

Will you go to the office with me? 你愿意和我一起去辦公室嗎?

Will you please clean the blackboard? 你能擦一下黑板嗎?

③在表示建議或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)時(shí)，可用shall，例如：

Shall we go home now? 我們能現(xiàn)在回家嗎?

Shall I put my handbag here? 我能把我的包放在這里嗎?

be going to表示將要發(fā)生的事或打算、計(jì)劃、決定要做的事情。例如：

肯定句：

They're going to meet outside the school gate.

I'm going to finish high school in two years.

After I graduate from high school, I'm going to go to college for four years.

I'm going to study languages because after college I'm going to work as a language teacher.

While at college, I'm also going to take a computer course because I'm going to use computers in my work.

否定句：

We're not going to have any classes next week.

I'm not going play lots of sports and keep fit.

I'm not going to save up my money next month.

I'm not going to visit Egypt next week.

I'm not going to ride a camel to Beijing.

I'm not going to take lots of photos for you.

I'm not going to concentrate on this job.

疑問(wèn)句：

What are you going to do next Sunday?

Where are you going to study?

Are you going to live at home?

What are you going to have for lunch?

Are you going to visit your grandparents?

Is he going to join a conversation club?

7.形容詞的比較級(jí)：

形容詞的比較級(jí)用于兩個(gè)人或事物的比較,其結(jié)構(gòu)形式如下:

主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)+ 形容詞比較級(jí)+than+ 對(duì)比成分。 也就是, 含有形容詞比較級(jí)的主句+than+從句。注意從句常常省去意義上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下對(duì)比的成分。如:

Our teacher is taller than we are.我們老師的個(gè)子比我們的高。

It is warmer today than it was yesterday.今天的天氣比昨天暖和。

This picture is more beautiful than that one.這張照片比那張照片漂亮。

This meeting is less important than that one.這次會(huì)議不如那次會(huì)議重要。

The sun is much bigger than the moon.太陽(yáng)比月亮大得多。

8.used to的用法

used to"過(guò)去經(jīng)常，以前常常"。表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常干某事(但現(xiàn)在已不是如此)。例如：

I used to draw pictures. I liked that. But I am too busy to do that.

我以前總畫畫，我喜歡，但我現(xiàn)在太忙了不畫畫了。

We used to grow beautiful flowers is the garden.我們過(guò)去常在花園里種美麗的鮮花。

There used to be many trees but now you see. The trees have all been cut down.

原來(lái)這里有好多樹(shù)，但現(xiàn)在你看，樹(shù)都被砍光了。

used to的否定式和疑問(wèn)式有兩種構(gòu)成法：

1)借助did. 如:

She didn't use(d) to do it, did she?她以前不做那個(gè)，是不是?

Did you use to play the piano?你以前是不是彈鋼琴?

2)不用did, 如：

You usedn't to make that kind of mistakes. But why now?

你過(guò)去不犯那樣的錯(cuò)誤，可現(xiàn)在為什么犯?

Used you to make up stories out of your own head? 你以前是不是自已編故事?

9.不定代詞的用法

不定代詞大多數(shù)通常在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、或定語(yǔ)。例如：

Nobody saw the problem at first.(主語(yǔ))

Can they do anything to save the Aral Sea?(賓語(yǔ))

There is nothing but salt and sand.(表語(yǔ))

Have you any novels? 你有小說(shuō)書嗎?(定語(yǔ))

10."How+形容詞"的特殊疑問(wèn)句

How long is the Nile River?

How high is the Great Pyramid?

How deep is the Grand Canyon?

How far is Beijing from Shanghai?

11.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

①過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用于表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)經(jīng)常與過(guò)去時(shí)搭配使用，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)作過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間背景。例如：

This time yesterday, we were having an English lesson. There was a slight earthquake.

昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們正上英語(yǔ)課，這時(shí)發(fā)生了輕微地震。

A year ago we were living in Shanghai. My mother fell ill and passed away.

一年前我們住在上海。我的母親病了并在那里去世。

The teacher was giving us a lesson when Tom walked into the room.

當(dāng)湯姆走進(jìn)教室時(shí)，老師在給我們上課。

While we were having supper, all the lights went out.我們正吃飯的時(shí)候，燈熄滅了。

He was reading while she was setting the table.她放桌子時(shí)，他在讀書。(互為時(shí)間背景)

It was getting dark. The wind was rising.天漸漸黑下來(lái)了。風(fēng)勢(shì)增強(qiáng)了。(互為背景)

②過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去頻繁發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，常與always, continually, frequently等詞連用。例如：

The old man was always mislaying his keys.這位老人總是忘記把鑰匙放在什么地方了。

He was continually asking questions.他老是問(wèn)問(wèn)題，沒(méi)個(gè)完。

The two brothers were frequently quarrelling.這兩個(gè)兄弟經(jīng)常吵架。

12.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could

could表示說(shuō)話人能,可以,同意,準(zhǔn)許,以及客觀條件許可,could是can 的過(guò)去式。

He could play the violin when he was seven.當(dāng)他七歲時(shí)，就會(huì)拉小提琴。

Could they speak French? 他們會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)嗎?

Yes, they could. /No, they couldn't.是的，他們會(huì)。/不，他們不會(huì)。

He could help us at all.他完全可以幫助我們。

Could you help me, please? 請(qǐng)問(wèn),你能幫助我嗎?

13.be動(dòng)詞+形容詞

be動(dòng)詞+形容詞：He is extremely patient.

英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)系動(dòng)詞有：be, look, become, get, seem, turn, grow, appear, taste, feel, smell等，系動(dòng)詞一般后面跟形容詞或名詞作表語(yǔ)。例如：

The lesson was interesting.那一課很有趣。

He looks ill.他看起來(lái)病了。

The soup tastes delicious.湯的味道很美。

She seems very quiet. 她看起來(lái)很安靜。

Mike is my younger brother.邁克是我弟弟。

Jim became a doctor.吉姆當(dāng)上大夫了。

14.句型too…to…和not…enough…的區(qū)別

too…to…"太……以至不(能)"。例如：

The girl is too short to reach the book on the top of the shelf.

那個(gè)女孩太矮，她夠不著放在書架頂上的書。

It's too cold for children to play ourselves.天氣太冷，孩子們不能在外面玩。

句型too…to…=not…enough to…。例如：

She's not tall enough to reach the cookies.她要拿到那個(gè)甜餅還不夠高。

=She's too short to reach the cookies.

15.并列句

連詞but, on the other hand, while等連接兩個(gè)并列的句子，表示"轉(zhuǎn)折"關(guān)系，表示對(duì)比或相反的情況。例如：

Eric is a good friend, but he worries all the time.

艾力克是一個(gè)好朋友，但是他總是心事重重。

She is hardworking, but her sister is very lazy.

她很用功，但她妹妹卻很懶。

Eric is very hardworking and patient. Danny, on the other hand, is very lazy and impatient. 艾力克是個(gè)非常用功，富有耐心的人。而丹尼卻非常懶，沒(méi)有耐心。

Danny forgets things. Eric, on the other hand, always remembers to turn off the lights.

丹尼易忘記事情。而艾力克總是記得關(guān)燈。

I have been to Beijing many times but my parents have never been there.

我去過(guò)北京多次,但我父母親從沒(méi)去過(guò)。

I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.

我愛(ài)喝清咖啡而他喜歡加奶油的。

English is understood all over the world while Turkish is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself.英語(yǔ)世界通行，但土耳其語(yǔ)離開(kāi)本國(guó)就很少有人說(shuō)人。